Allelopathic effects of Lyophyllum platypum mushroom extracts on seed germination of Cynanchum acutum weed

Abstract

Cynanchum acutum L. is a serious weed worldwide and is indigenous to Turkey. Lyophyllum platypum mushrooms were collected periodically from November to December 2014. Cynanchum acutum subspecies autum (milk vine) used as herbaceous germination material was collected from field weed plantation to November 2015. The highest germination rates were achieved in the control group using pure water. Depending on increased concentrations of extracts, slowing down germination, delaying plumula and radicle growth (germination rates of 100, 75, 56, 25, 0, 0,0), or even germinating at 20%, 50% and 100% was not realized.