Natural, environmental and practical biological control options for fusarium wilt disease of carnation (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi)

Abstract

Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) is one of the most important cut flowers in the world. Some fungi, bacteria and viruses lead to diseases that affect carnation plants, and most of these severe diseases are caused by Fungi. It is considered that Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi (Fod) has induced one of the most serious and detrimental diseases that impair carnation. In this study, the effect of some biological preparations [Trichoderma harzianum Pseudomonas fluorescens; Bacillus subtilis QST 713 (SERENADE), Mycorrhiza spp., Trichoderma spp., Bacillus spp. (PANORAMIX), Lactobacillus acidophilus + Lactobacillus paracasei (VITANAL), tea tree oil extract (TIMOREX GOLD), orange oil extract (PREV-AM), plant extracts of Reynoutria spp. (REGALIA) against Fod were investigated. Experiments were performed using a randomized plots design with five replications (five pots and one plant per pot) in a growth chamber. After 30 days, carnation plants were evaluated with a scale of 0-5 values. The effect of biological preparations was calculated based on root size, root number, plant height and number of nodes, then the acquired data were evaluated. The best results were obtained with T. harzianum (96%), SERENADE (96%) and PANORAMIX (88%) against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi. All of the control plants (+) were completely dead due to the disease. In conclusion, the biological control improves the Fusarium wilt suppression capabilities of carnation. © 2019, ALÖKI Kft., Budapest, Hungary.