Antioxidant, Cytotoxic, Larvicidal, and Anthelmintic Activity and Phytochemical Screening by HPLC of Calicotome villosa from Turkey

Abstract

Phytochemical screening of Calicotome villosa ethanolic extracts in respect of phenolic compounds (HPLC method), antioxidant activity (DPPH and ß-carotene tests), determination of total phenolic and total flavonoid contents, and evaluation of cytotoxic (against Artemia salina), larvicidal (against Culex pipiens and Musca domestica) and anthelmintic activity (against Tubifex tubifex) have been performed. The flower extract exhibited higher biological activity than the stem extracts in all assays (DPPH, 0.6 mg/mL, IC50, ß-carotene, 75.12 ± 0.73 %). There was good correlation between the antioxidant activity and total phenolic and total flavonoid contents. The flower extract exhibited significant cytotoxic activity (against A. salina) with 0.312 mg/mL, LC50 larvicidal activity (against Cx. pipiens) with 0.330 mg/mL, LC50 and anthelmintic activity (against T. tubifex) with 1.32 mg/mL, LC50. HPLC analysis showed that vanillic acid was major component in the flower extract. In conclusion, C. villosa has good biological activity for further studies in agriculture, medicine and pesticide industry. © 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.