Phytochemical Characterization and Biological Activities of Nepeta cadmea Boiss.

Abstract

The genus Nepeta(Lamiaceae) is represented by 39 species, in total 50 taxa, 19 of which are endemic, in Turkey. Nepetaspecies are known as “kedinanesi” in Turkish and has many traditional usages such as antispasmodic, diuretic, antiseptic, antitussive,andantiasthmatic activities. The aerial parts of N. cadmeawere hydrodistillated for 3 hours by using Clevenger apparatus to gather essential oil. To determine its chemical characterization, the essential oil was analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS, simultaneously. 4a?,7?,7a?-Nepetalactone (74.0%), 4a?,7?,7a?-nepetalactone (4.5%) and caryophyllene oxide (2.5%) were found as major components for essential oil. The potential in vitroantibacterial activity of the essential oil was evaluated using the broth microdilution assay. A panel of human pathogenic strains Escherichia coliNRRL B-3008, Pseudomonas aeruginosaATCC 27853, Salmonella typhimuriumATCC 13311, Bacillus cereusNRRL B-3711 and Streptococcus sanguinisATCC 10556 were used. Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) of the samples were determined, where in ciprofloxacin was used as a positive control in the assay. MIC valueswere found 2500, 1000, 600, 600, 600 ?g/mL against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. typhimurium, B. cereusand S. sanguinis, respectively. Compared the literature, it was seen that the essential oil had lower effective against these strains.