The relationship of ocular parameters with clinical parameters and disease-related quality of life in patients with systemic sclerosis: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Objective To evaluate choroidal thickness (CT), corneal parameters, and scleral thickness (ST) in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and to determine their relationship with disease-related quality of life (QoL). Methods The study included 38 patients with SSc and 40 healthy controls. A detailed ocular examination was performed on all participants. Corneal parameters such as K1, K2, Km, corneal volume (CV), central corneal thickness (CCT), and ST at a distance of 1000, 2000, and 3000 mu m from the scleral spur were measured. CT was measured at five points, including the subfoveal area and the temporal and nasal points at radii of 750.0 and 1500.0 mu m. The scleroderma health assessment questionnaire (SHAQ) was administered to SSc patients to investigate the disease-related QoL. Results Individuals with SSc had thicker ST at all distances from the scleral spur (P=0.008, P=0.001, P=0.002, respectively). All corneal parameters were significantly lower in the SSc group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Moreover, SSc patients had significantly lower median CT at N750.0, N1500.0, T750.0, and T1500.0 points and thinner subfoveal CT than healthy controls (P < 0.05). There was a weak-moderate negative correlation between ST and the components of the SHAQ scale and SHAQ-global. Conclusion Despite not having ocular involvement, SSc patients had thicker ST but thinner CT and corneal parameters than healthy controls. This may indicate subclinical inflammation in patients with SSc. Only ST was affected by organ involvement and QoL among the ocular parameters.