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https://hdl.handle.net/11499/52080
Title: | The anticancer effects of thymol on HepG2 cell line | Authors: | Altıntaş, Fatih Tunç-Ata, Melek Secme, M. Küçükatay, Vural |
Keywords: | Apoptosis Cytotoxicity HepG2 Oxidative stress Thymol antioxidant oxidizing agent thymol apoptosis Hep-G2 cell line human liver cell carcinoma liver tumor pathology Antioxidants Apoptosis Carcinoma, Hepatocellular Hep G2 Cells Humans Liver Neoplasms Oxidants Thymol |
Publisher: | Springer | Abstract: | There is an increasing incidence of liver cancer, which is a hazard for global health. The present study was designed to evaluate possible cytotoxic, genotoxic, apoptotic, oxidant and antioxidant effects of thymol on hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell line. The cytotoxic effect of thymol on HepG2 cell line was determined by XTT test. We also used the HUVEC cell line to show whether thymol damages healthy cells. Oxidative stress level was determined with Total Oxidant Status (TOS) and Total Antioxidant Status (TAS) measurement kits. Apoptosis of cells was detected in flow cytometry with Annexin V apoptosis kit. Apoptotic gene expressions were analyzed by real-time PCR. Genotoxicity was determined by comet assay, which measures DNA damage. The thymol IC50 dose was found to be 11 ?M on HepG2 cell line. This dose had no lethal effect on the healthy HUVEC cell line. While thymol significantly decreased the TOS level, it increased the TAS level significantly in HepG2 cells compared to control. Thymol significantly induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells (apoptosis rate in control group 1%, in thymol group 21%). Thymol did not alter the gene expressions of bax, bcl-2, and casp3, all of which are associated with apoptosis. Statistically significant change in favor of genotoxicity was observed in tail length measurements. Our results suggest that thymol decreases oxidative stress in HepG2 cell line, but it induces apoptosis and genotoxicity. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. | URI: | https://hdl.handle.net/11499/52080 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12032-023-02134-2 |
ISSN: | 1357-0560 |
Appears in Collections: | PubMed İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / PubMed Indexed Publications Collection Scopus İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / Scopus Indexed Publications Collection Tıp Fakültesi Koleksiyonu WoS İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / WoS Indexed Publications Collection |
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