Hemostatic nanofibers: A comprehensive review about design and production methods

Abstract

Nanofibers produced through the electrospinning process have been extensively studied in the biomedical field due to their high porosity, large surface area-to-volume ratio, and potential for functionalization. Nanofibers properties enable them to mimic the natural extracellular matrix, creating an optimal physiological microenvironment for hemostasis by enhancing blood coagulation and concentration. Various approaches have been explored to develop advanced nanofiber composites for effective hemostatic dressing, including the use of natural and synthetic materials, the modification of the fiber orientation, and the incorporation of hemostatic agents. This review provides a summary of recent research progress in the design of electrospun hemostatic nanofibers using a wide range of polymers for biomedical applications. The review also discusses the advantages of different structural forms of electrospun nanofibers, as well as the challenges and future directions for developing customized nanofibers for hemostasis. © 2024 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.