Systematic literature review on bootstrapping procedure of FHE schemes

Abstract

Fully homomorphic encryption is one of the ultimate goals of the cryptography. It is the utmost solution for data privacy. The first seeds of the concept were planted nearly fifty-five years ago. After the thesis of Gentry, first theoretic structure was ready for the researchers. In the following years many different FHE schemes were suggested, and they were vastly improved. FHE schemes have noise or error added to the system in order to make the schemes secure, actually post quantumly secure in some cases. But this noise should be arranged regularly, not to be preponderated over the data. The core mechanism of the FHE is bootstrapping, which regulates the noise and enables us to do homomorphic operations without losing the decryption of plaintext. In this study, we collected research articles from reputable databases and reviewed them. By doing so, we make it easier to keep up with the latest advancements in bootstrapping of FHE schemes. Our goal is to provide a valuable resource for anyone with background seeking to stay up-to-date on the latest developments in the bootstrapping procedure of FHE schemes. Also, we sought answers to our research questions. Lastly, we gave open problems for related studies. © 2024, Taru Publications. All rights reserved.