Evaluation of Patients Who Were Followed Up After Pediatric Cardiac Surgery in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: 6 Years of Experience

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes and clinical conditions observed during the postsurgical follow-up of children with congenital heart disease at a single center that initiated pediatric cardiac surgery in 2015. Methods: A retrospective analysis of pediatric patients who underwent cardiac surgery between October 1, 2015, and December 31, 2021 was conducted. Demographic, preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative data were collected from echocardiographic, perfusion, and clinical records. Statistical analyses were performed using appropriate methods. Results: A total of 692 pediatric patients underwent surgical treatment for congenital heart disease. The most common defects were ventricular, atrial, and tetralogy of Fallot. The most common preoperative risk factors were malnutrition and failure to thrive. Complications, such as respiratory issues, arrhythmias, and acute kidney injury, were observed. The overall mortality rate was 3.6%. Mortality rates varied according to specific congenital heart disease defects and risk categories. Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the postsurgical follow-up of pediatric patients with congenital heart disease, highlighting the importance of risk stratification, preoperative evaluation, and postoperative care. The findings of this study contribute to the global understanding of congenital heart disease management and outcomes. Further research should focus on risk adjustment, long-term outcomes, and strategies to reduce complications and mortality in this vulnerable population.