The Effect of Egg Yolk Oil on the Mast Cell Concentration in Excisional Wound Healing of Stz-Diabetic Rats

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is serious metabolic disease. Impaired wound healing in DM leads to significant morbidity and mortality due to various clinical and socioeconomic issues. Wound healing is a complex mechanism involving different tissues and cells. Mast cells (MC) are the first group of cells to respond to injury and contribute to three main phases of wound healing: inflammation, proliferation, and scar formation/remodeling. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of egg yolk oil (EYO) on MC concentration in excisional wounds of streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated in three groups (6 rats per group) as: Group 1 (non-diabetic, topically treated with 2% fusidic acid ointment), Group 2 (STZ-diabetic, topically treated with 2% fusidic acid ointment), and Group 3 (STZ-diabetic, topically treated with EYO). On third day after single intraperitoneal injection of 65 mg/kg STZ, two fullthickness skin excisional wounds were generated on the back of all rats (day 0). On day 7 and day 14, randomly selected three rats per group were sacrificed under deep anesthesia. Skin sections were stained with toluidine blue, and MC numbers were determined. Differences in these numbers among the groups were analyzed statistically. Group 2 and Group 3 had statistically higher MC concentration on day 0 compared to Group 1 (p<0.001). Group 3 had statistically lower MC concentration on day 7 compared to Group 1 and Group 2 (p<0.01). In addition, increased MC degranulation was observed in Group 3 on the same day. The results of this study suggest that EYO induces MC degranulation, which is related to wound healing process, and decreases MC concentration in the first few days of the wound healing in STZ-diabetic rats. This decrease in MC concentration in DM is likely to be enable the wound to heal earlier than some other cases. © 2019 Published by ISRES.