The Effects of Robot-Assisted Therapy on Upper Extremity Functions and Functional Independence in Geriatric Individuals With Chronic Stroke: a Randomized Controlled Study

Abstract

Aim: Stroke often leads to impaired motor functions, particularly in upper extremities, making functional recovery essential for quality of life and independence. This study aims to examine effects of robot-assisted therapy on upper extremity functions and activities of daily living in rehabilitation of geriatric patients with chronic stroke. Methods: Geriatric participants who had a stroke at least six months prior were randomly assigned to either an intervention group receiving both conventional physiotherapy and robot-assisted therapy (ReoGo end-effector robotic system) or a control group with conventional physiotherapy only. Intervention group participated in 60-min ReoGo sessions along with daily physiotherapy over four weeks. Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity Assessment Scale and Functional Independence Measure evaluated motor functions and daily living independence, respectively. Pre- and post-treatment results were statistically analyzed within and between groups. Results: Among the 30 participants, those in intervention group showed significantly greater improvements in upper extremity functions and daily living independence compared to the control group (p <.05). While control group exhibited minor improvements, these changes were not statistically significant, underscoring the greater efficacy of combined approach. Discussion: Robot-assisted therapy significantly enhances motor recovery, likely due to its support for neuroplasticity through repetitive, controlled movements. This aligns with existing research, emphasizing benefits of robot-assisted therapy for motor learning and functional gains. ReoGo device also positively affected motivation and engagement, highlighting its potential role in long-term stroke rehabilitation. Overall, robot-assisted therapy may be a promising approach to improve motor recovery and independence in post-stroke patients, enhancing both quality of life and functional independence in daily activities. © The Author(s) 2025.