Bazı mikroalglerin ağır metal içeriklerinin atomik absorpsiyon spektrometresi ile belirlenmesi
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Abstract
Bu tez çalışmasında, bazı mikroalglerin yapısında bulunan Cu, Ni, Co, Mn, Fe, Pb ve Cr metal derişimleri atomik absorbsiyon spektrometresi ile belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus obliquus ve Arthrospira platensis mikroalgleri dondurularak kurutulduktan sonra agat havanda ince bir toz halinde öğütülmüştür. Öğütülen bu alglerden 0,5 gram örnek alınıp teflon kaplara konularak, üzerine sırasıyla %80 (v/v) HNO3, 8 mL derişik HNO3: 2 mL derişik HCl ve 8 mL derişik HCl: 2 mL derişik HNO3 karışımı ilave edilmiş ve mikrodalga cihazında çözünürleştirme işlemi yapılarak örnekler homojen hale getirilmiştir. Çözünürleştirilen bu örnekler saf su ile seyreltilmiş ve atomik absorbsiyon spektrometresi ile analiz edilerek mikroalglerin içerdikleri metal derişimleri belirlenmiştir. Scenedesmus obliquus ve Arthrospira platensis mikroalgleri %80 (v/v) HNO3 ile çözünürleştirildiğinde metal derişimleri daha yüksek bulunurken, Chlorella vulgaris için derişik HNO3:derişik HCl ile çözünürleştirildiğinde içerisindeki metal derişimi daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Arthrospira platensis ve Chlorella vulgaris mikroalglerinde en fazla bulunan metal Fe (sırası ile 225,00×10-2 mg metal /g kuru alg ve 66,00×10-2 mg metal/g kuru alg) ve en az bulunan metal ise Ni (sırası ile 0,41×10-2 mg metal/g kuru alg ve 0,25×10-2 mg metal/g kuru alg)'dir. Scenedesmus obliquus mikroalginde de en fazla bulunan metal yine Fe (121,00×10-2 mg metal/g kuru alg) iken, derişimi en az bulunan metal ise Co (0,41×10-2 mg metal/g kuru alg) olmuştur. Kozmetik ürünlerde ağır metaller için izin verilen limit değerler ile mikroalglerde bulunan metal derişimleri kıyaslandığında tespit edilen değerlerin mevzuat sınırlarının altında kaldığı görülmüş olup, bu durum mikroalglerin kozmetik uygulamalarda hammadde olarak kullanılabilirliği açısından olanak sağlamaktadır.
In this thesis study, the concentrations of Cu, Ni, Co, Mn, Fe, Pb, and Cr present in the structure of selected microalgae were determined using atomic absorption spectrometry. The microalgae Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus obliquus, and Arthrospira platensis used in the study were freeze-dried and subsequently ground into a fine powder using an agate mortar. From the ground biomass, 0.5 g samples were weighed into Teflon vessels, and sequentially treated with 80% (v/v) HNO3, an 8 mL concentrated HNO3: 2 mL concentrated HCl mixture, and an 8 mL concentrated HCl : 2 mL concentrated HNO3 mixture. The samples were then subjected to microwave-assisted digestion to achieve complete dissolution and homogeneity. Following digestion, the samples were diluted with ultrapure water and analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry to determine the metal concentrations in the microalgae. When Scenedesmus obliquus and Arthrospira platensis were digested with 80% (v/v) HNO3, higher metal concentrations were obtained, whereas for Chlorella vulgaris, higher metal concentrations were observed when digestion was carried out using the concentrated HNO3: concentrated HCl mixture. In Arthrospira platensis and Chlorella vulgaris, the most abundant metal was Fe (225.00 × 10⁻² mg metal/g dry algae and 66.00 × 10⁻² mg metal/g dry algae, respectively), while the least abundant metal was Ni (0.41 × 10⁻² mg metal/g dry algae and 0.25 × 10⁻² mg metal/g dry algae, respectively). Similarly, in Scenedesmus obliquus, Fe was the most abundant metal (121.00 × 10⁻² mg metal/g dry algae), whereas Co exhibited the lowest concentration (0.41 × 10⁻² mg metal/g dry algae). When the metal concentrations detected in the microalgae were compared with the permissible limit values for heavy metals in cosmetic products, all measured values were found to be below the regulatory thresholds. This outcome indicates that microalgae present a viable and compliant raw material option for cosmetic applications.
In this thesis study, the concentrations of Cu, Ni, Co, Mn, Fe, Pb, and Cr present in the structure of selected microalgae were determined using atomic absorption spectrometry. The microalgae Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus obliquus, and Arthrospira platensis used in the study were freeze-dried and subsequently ground into a fine powder using an agate mortar. From the ground biomass, 0.5 g samples were weighed into Teflon vessels, and sequentially treated with 80% (v/v) HNO3, an 8 mL concentrated HNO3: 2 mL concentrated HCl mixture, and an 8 mL concentrated HCl : 2 mL concentrated HNO3 mixture. The samples were then subjected to microwave-assisted digestion to achieve complete dissolution and homogeneity. Following digestion, the samples were diluted with ultrapure water and analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry to determine the metal concentrations in the microalgae. When Scenedesmus obliquus and Arthrospira platensis were digested with 80% (v/v) HNO3, higher metal concentrations were obtained, whereas for Chlorella vulgaris, higher metal concentrations were observed when digestion was carried out using the concentrated HNO3: concentrated HCl mixture. In Arthrospira platensis and Chlorella vulgaris, the most abundant metal was Fe (225.00 × 10⁻² mg metal/g dry algae and 66.00 × 10⁻² mg metal/g dry algae, respectively), while the least abundant metal was Ni (0.41 × 10⁻² mg metal/g dry algae and 0.25 × 10⁻² mg metal/g dry algae, respectively). Similarly, in Scenedesmus obliquus, Fe was the most abundant metal (121.00 × 10⁻² mg metal/g dry algae), whereas Co exhibited the lowest concentration (0.41 × 10⁻² mg metal/g dry algae). When the metal concentrations detected in the microalgae were compared with the permissible limit values for heavy metals in cosmetic products, all measured values were found to be below the regulatory thresholds. This outcome indicates that microalgae present a viable and compliant raw material option for cosmetic applications.
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Kimya, Analitik Kimya, Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Alg, Mikroalg, Ağır metal, AAS, Algae, Microalgae, Heavy Metal
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89
