Maliye politikalarının gelir dağılımı üzerindeki etkisi: panel veri analizi

Abstract

Government intervention in the economy through means of fiscal policies is one of the frequently discussed issues in the literature. In the framework of widespread economic thoughts, the state increased or decreased its weight in the economy in some periods by taxes and public expenditures. The views that the state should not intervene in the economy gained momentum with the 2008 global crisis. The effects of the fiscal policy instruments implemented by the state on economic variables are constitutes the base of this issue which is frequently discussed in the literature. Moreover, the findings of the studies investigating the effects of fiscal policy instruments on macroeconomic variables also differ between countries. In this study, the effects of fiscal policy instruments applied in developed and developing countries on income distribution in the 2000-2015 period are investigated. Findings obtained from the panel data analysis show that the effects of fiscal policy instruments on income distribution vary depending on the development level of the countries. It has been concluded that public spending in developed countries and taxes in developing countries are effective fiscal policy instruments in terms of income distribution. This situation draws attention to the necessity to reorganize tax policies in developing countries by considering income distribution.