Education and Social Statuses of Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities in Medieval Islam Societies

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the legal rights of the people with intellectual disabilities, the use of these rights, their social status which arising from these rights in the concept of the Islamic Law. For this purpose, figh discussions which based on the different schools of Islamic law are given in this study. Also, according to religion of Islam, how to define intellectual disabilities and how to use their personal rights of individuals with intellectual disabilities are discussed. Conditions of people with intellectual disabilities in the medieval Islamic societies had been tried to discuss under the headings of the social status of them, the criminal liability, the marriage and the divorce, the slavery, social and religious life, education, institutional care.