Trajedi ve trajik üzerine düşünceler

Abstract

The concepts of tragedy and tragic, as used by the social sciences and their resonances in everyday life, appear in very different senses and often give rise to the confusion of content. Therefore, it is essential to rethink the evolution and transformations of these concepts, from the 6th century BC, where they appeared, to the present day. In this work, we will try to make visible the adventure, in the historical process, of the concepts of tragedy, tragic and tragic hero by referring to their meanings that Aristotle retraces in his famous work Poetics. While in ancient tragedy, the tragic hero has inclusive and representative importance, in modern tragedy, he is more particular, and his objectives are more individual than in ancient tragedy. So, while focusing on the social transformation that all humankind has experienced so far, our work sets out to reveal the internal dynamics of the evolution of tragic and tragic heroes. In this study, in which we will also emphasize the relationship between the tragic and the concepts of “hamartia”, “nemesis”, and “catharsis”, which are the founding elements of ancient tragedy as defined by Aristotle, we will try to reveal the character of the tragic in “romantic tragedy”, “liberal tragedy”, and “existentialist tragedy”. In this context, we will underline Hegel’s interpretation of the tragic that he developed from the tragedy Antigone written by Sophocles, which will allow us to focus on the relationship of the tragic with the historical individual and with his passions and suffering. One of the objectives of our work will be to ask whether there is, as is always stated, a tragic essence of life immutable from age to age, from society to society. Another question that we will discuss in this work will be whether death can exclusively become the component of this tragic essence.