Efficacy of injectable platelet-rich fibrin on clinical and biochemical parameters in non-surgical periodontal treatment: a split-mouth randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Abstract: Objectives: The purpose of this clinical trial was to evaluate the potential clinical and biochemical effects of injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) application adjunct to scaling and root planning (ScRp) in deep periodontal pockets. Materials and methods: In this split-mouth-designed study, 17 patients with 34 deep periodontal pockets were randomly treated with ScRp + i-PRF (test group) and ScRp + saline (control group). Clinical periodontal measurements were recorded at baseline, 1st, 3rd, and 6th months after the treatments. The levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin (IL)-10 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were analyzed using the ELISA method at baseline, 7th, and 14th days. Results: Clinical periodontal parameters showed significant improvements with both treatment modalities. Mean pocket reduction (PD) and clinical attachment (CAL) gain were significantly higher in the test group than in controls at follow-up visits (p < 0.05). In the test group, gingival recession (GR) values were significantly lower compared to the control group. VEGF and IL-10 levels in the test group were significantly higher than in controls at the 14th day, and TNF-α levels were found significantly lower in the test group at the 7th and 14th days. Conclusions: Especially in the test group, the significant increase in VEGF and IL-10 expressions and the decrease in TNF-α levels may have accelerated the periodontal healing observed in the clinical parameters. Clinical relevance: The result of the present study demonstrated the beneficial effects of adjunctive i-PRF administration during non-surgical periodontal treatment of deep periodontal pockets. Clinical trial registration number: NCT05753631. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.